They can fly and dogs ALMOST never get them. Guinea Fowl eggs are wonderful! Thanks for the information. You can buy Vulturine hybrids which are a hybrid between Vultuine and Helmeted Guinea fowl. A k dgb m ly; ibi ay b bni l j . Guineas are also very independent. Luckily, they do all of this without scratching at the ground or pecking at plants like chickens will do. Thanks for stopping by! But they tend to go broody after laying about 30 eggs. *Usually* the hen will continue to lay in the same location if a few eggs are left. These birds are scared by almost anything and will run around trying to escape while simultaneously sounding an alarm. I had Frontline on the dogs but guess they're ready for more. They are typically social birds and live in small groups. Devika Primi from Dubrovnik, Croatia on December 01, 2015: Interesting and fascinating about the Guinea fowl. Since they rarely nest in the coop, you will notice the moms disappear, only to reappear later with a bunch of babies. This past summer hasn't been bad, but last year was horrible! The breed has had to adapt to a variety of climatic conditions. Ccile Aubry (1928-2010) - Belle et Sbastien. Do you love em or hate em? Keeping guinea fowl is about the same amount of work as chickens are. Korneliya Yonkova from Cork, Ireland on November 05, 2015: Amazing hub. Their alertness helps to keep the entire flock safe. The one we had visiting here has since either moved on or gone back home, we haven't seen if for a while now. Phylogenetically, they branched off from the core Galliformes after the Cracidae (chachalacas, guans, and curassows) and before the Odontophoridae (New World quail). [12], This article is about the bird. Phylogenetically, they branched off from the core Galliformes after the Cracidae (chachalacas, guans, and curassows) and before the Odontophoridae (New World quail). They prefer to be wild and untamed and will perch on the tallest of trees on your property quite happily. They are dumb enough to be caught by predators but fast enough to not be caught by you. Martin Auer (born 1951) - Now, Now, Markus, The Blue Boy. Their droppings from barns or hen . Guinea fowl can typically live between 10 and 15 years, depending on the number of predators in their area. When you break them open, you will find they have a very thick shell as well. One does not sacrifice to a god in the presence of a house rat; otherwise, when night falls it invades the rafter shelves. The chicken is easily domesticated and content. [7] Unlike chickens (which generally do best with one rooster for a flock of hens[8]), guinea fowl do well with one cock for each hen. On short-term occasions, like during a blizzard or poor weather or if the chickens and guineas only spend time in the coop at night to roost, they can be housed together. Many people raise guinea fowl for their eggs, which are higher in protein than regular chicken eggs, as they are "thicker" with more yolk than white. They are also known for NOT being good mothers. Breeders can cross them with either a chicken or a peafowl. One species, the White-Breasted Guineafowl, is more heavily impacted by human activity. :). Heres why. Some people raise Guinea fowl for food or for their eggs, but others keep them as their farm watch birds.. Sheila Brown (author) from Southern Oklahoma on May 23, 2017: Hello, Gaby. While they might not be suitable for an urban backyard flock or for certain owners, they can be an incredible asset on a homestead, large scale agriculture, or in the cannabis industry. While guinea fowls do produce eggs less regularly than chickens, the eggs tend to be richer in flavor, making them a delicious addition to the homestead. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Please I need advice urgently! Those are my guineas. They are very good runners and prefer to run from predators rather than fly. I have to stand corrected, I was told by Dr. Mark that the guinea eggs were a bit smaller than chicken eggs and I'm sure he would know. I grinned. Sometimes, more than one cock helps raise the young. After that, they are an extremely hardy bird. You might be wondering how the odd-looking bird from West Africa came to be a common poultry bird around the world? Wingspan. You might be familiar with the term dual-purpose when it comes to chickens and other poultry, but tri-purpose? We dont use the term officially with a guinea fowl, but the idea is there. Have you been convinced that a Guinea is just what the doctor prescribed? They are quite hardy, and it is easy to keep them in a wide variety of climatic conditions. Guinea fowl are the most vulnerable when they are first born, similar to many animals. Guineas are talented at catching small snakes and small rodents. Their eggs are a bit smaller than the average chicken egg and are very hard-shelled. Guinea Fowl, also known as Guineafowl, are a group of birds that live in Africa. Bill De Giulio from Massachusetts on October 28, 2015: Great info Sheila. Chat with me! During the mating season, the peacock spreads its tail feathers all in its glory to attract the female peahen. Two species of Guineafowl have feathered crests on their heads. Guinea fowls lay eggs regularly from spring to fall. Humans have domesticated the Helmeted Guineafowl, primarily as a food source. Their meat also has 134 calories per 100 grams, which in comparison, a turkey has 109 calories per 100 grams. I am passionate about sharing the best products and most accurate, reputable hobby farming information with you. Mel Carriere from Snowbound and down in Northern Colorado on October 09, 2015: I haven't seen any guinea fowl out here in our neck of the woods yet. Why did the chicken cross the road? No! They are endemic to Africa and rank among the oldest of the gallinaceous birds. Many a guinea, in their treck for independence, have been smooshed by a passing car. They are ready to eat between 14 and 16 weeks. Emergencies / Diseases / Injuries and Cures, Im looking for pullets or adult white chicken. That means making sure that they dont get stuck in strange places. In the wild, only 20% of guinea keets survive the first 4 weeks. I'm knot sure what the knobs are for, but according to the research I have done, Guinea fowl. An adult guinea typically weighs between 3-3.5 pounds. The only adaptation they havent formed is preserving their body heat through their legs like other common poultry birds. Of course! Guinea fowl eggs taste like chicken and duck eggs but with more flavor. Guinea hens weigh more than guinea cocks, possibly because of the larger reproductive organs in the female compared to the male guinea fowl. But other than this difference, guinea eggs can be incubated just like chicken eggs. (But they are quite blind at night, so those same enemies can quite easily pick them out of their roosts as they sleep.). The birds sound the call over almost anything at any time of day. Most people in the country keep them to let them know of snakes, coyotes and other egg eating predators. A common means of asserting dominance in guinea fowl is by chasing each other around. Female guinea fowl are more tender than males. Guinea Fowl Are Very Noisy. Large body size and bald neck. Guinea fowl, members of the Numididae family, and are more closely related to pheasants and partridges than chickens. Their head is featherless with a crest on the top and bright red waddles around their beak. They also are known for being weed seed eaters and help in controlling the weed population. Also, their eggs are smaller than chicken eggs. They go out andfind the snakes before they can even be a problem. NO! Clipping their wings may help in their ability to roost in the trees outside and may also encourage them to come in at night. So the reason why Guinea fowl make noise might be to alert or draw your attention to a strange person or activity. All photos used are royalty-free, and credits are included in the Alt tag of each image. We have never owned any, but I would really like to some day. Therefore, you've got a meat-to-bone ratio of about 50-50. They do like these as an occasional treat (and these can be used as the enticing treat to lure them home at night): There are a few things that are important to note and NOT feed guineas. :) Next for us are doves, but even they will have to wait until next spring. This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 09:46. 1. It is not easy to distinguish the sex of a guinea fowl based on their appearance alone since they look practically the same. They Will Brood and Breed. In colder climates, all animals and birds need to be able to get out of the wind, snow, and weather. Guinea Fowl, Backyard Poultry: Keeping Guinea Fowl by June Rose. However, if kept in an enclosure together, guinea and chickens have mated before and the result is called a guin-hen. Never saw a rattler around the hens and the horses. Many people keep them to ward off egg-eating predators such as foxes, coyotes, raccoons, and opossums. If a broody hen is available they can sit on 20-28 eggs (a banty hen can sit on 12-15 eggs) and the chickens make much better mothers than the guineas. When guinea parents (that already roost in a coop) raise their own keets, the hen sets on them outdoors at night, but then the parents teach the keets to also go into the coop in the evenings around 3 weeks of age. The Guinea hen in the top picture of this post was roosting in a tree in our driveway. Once hatched and ready to leave the brooder (around 3 weeks), they may be enclosed in a coop for at least 3 days so they learn where "home" is. Guinea fowl seem to have a personality all their own. The guinea's diet consists mainly of seeds and insects. Roosting in trees overnight can be . LOL That's just what we need, another bird on our urban farm. And it is also leaner and drier than chicken meat but is also very tender if cooked properly. Guinea fowl have become increasingly popular to rear these days, perhaps because they are easy to maintain and affordable to care for. Do they have a function? The casque or helmet of the guinea fowl is actually a prominent horn-like structure on the top of their head. Incubation is about a month long, though it varies from species to species. I found a deer tick on my dog today. Guineafowl have been shown to act as a deterrent to foxes. It has dark grey or black plumage with obvious white spots. Rules vary from State to State so for example, in Logan, Queensland, you can keep up to 6 without a permit on a 1,000m 2 section. We were delighted when we visited Cape Town to see them running wild in the undergrowth of the Botanical Gardens. An Eocene fossil lineage Telecrex has been associated with guineafowl; Telecrex inhabited Mongolia, and may have given rise to the oldest of the true phasianids, such as blood pheasants and eared pheasants, which evolved into high-altitude, montane-adapted species with the rise of the Tibetan Plateau. They have a round body and a small head for their size. They play a pivotal role in the control of ticks, flies, locusts, scorpions, and other invertebrates. Read on to learn about the Guinea Fowl. They are mostly monogamous and mate for life, but there have been occasions when a guinea will choose another mate. Lets take a look at what it takes to keep them alive, because, you know, now you are in love with them and will do anything to protect them. Way back then we called them Guinea hens. Raising Guinea Keets. Thank you so very much, :). If you can overlook their rather ugly head, they are really rather beautiful birds. I enjoyed the article, Im brand new at keeping birds. Guinea Fowl: Everything You Need to Know About These Unique Birds, Guinea fowl are highly effective at reducing pests and are a great addition to organic gardening, They are great at spotting predators like hawks, helping to keep the entire flock safe, Guinea fowl can be very loud and obnoxious and are not good for small backyards or urban settings, They are also known to roam a large area and may visit your neighbors. Some species of guineafowl, like the vulturine, may go without drinking water for extended periods, instead sourcing their moisture from their food. It is partially because of their lack of intelligence and partially because of their wild nature that they have unique personalities. Studies have shown that guinea fowl are effective at deterring snakes from an area. My dogs also go in pin when I go 3 times a day and eat the feed with them I think I may have ruined my Guineas lol It may not display this or other websites correctly. [2], The insect- and seed-eating, ground-nesting birds of this family resemble partridges, but with featherless heads, though both members of the genus Guttera have a distinctive black crest, and the vulturine guineafowl has a downy brown patch on the nape. This is why I wanted to share with you a list of things I wish someone had told me before bringing them home. 3. The eggs also hatch more-or-less at the same time, thus avoiding any interference from predators due to noises associated with hatching at different times. One belief is that the birds came along with the first translocation of slaves across the Atlantic. Due to the spread of Lyme disease from ticks, Guineafowl are often kept because they will eat the ticks. 5. (Do not do things that might constitute temptation to others.) Poultry:Domestic fowl raised for meat or eggs, Varieties:Differences in color patterns or markings. The third is to see the shape of the horn. On a mission. One thing that sets guinea fowls apart is their noisy nature. Which side are you on? BCE means Before Current Era. She will raise them as her own and take great care of them. What a sound! I couldn't stand knowing they caught a guinea that we had brought home. These guineas proudly display a pugnacious disposition!. Since then, they have also become part of farm life across North America and Europe. Rain tends not to bother them, so they will continue to sleep in trees during inclement weather. Guinea hens are not known to be good mothers,[6] but in the wild, the guinea hen's mate (a guinea cock) may help tend the young keets during the day by keeping them warm and finding food. This many times is the case even if chicks and keets are raised together. moonlake from America on October 08, 2015: I love Guinea wish I had one. Once the chicks, which are called keets, hatch, they are pretty much on their own. There are also two relatively common hybrids of a guinea fowl. Sheila Brown (author) from Southern Oklahoma on December 03, 2015: That is interesting. The definitive reasons to LOVE or HATE guinea fowl. During this period, they lay no eggs at all. Guineas can live for approximately 10-15 years. Esther Averill (1902-1992) - The Cat Club, The Fire Cat. Guinea Cockerel: A male guinea less than a year old, Guinea Cock: An adult male guinea a year or older, Guinea Pullet: A female guinea less than a year old, Guinea Hen: An adult female guinea a year or older, Guinea Keet: Offspring of a guinea hen and a guinea cock from hatch through 12 weeks of age, Helmet:Protuberance on the head of some guinea fowl. Getting guinea fowl to come down from trees in the winter can be a real challenge. The amount of time it takes for the chicks, known as keets, to reach independence varies by species. If we didnt have big dogs that would try to catch and kill the guinea, I would definitely have them here on our place in the country to help control the grasshopper and tick population! Many people keep them to ward off egg-eating predators such as foxes, coyotes, raccoons, and opossums. Guinea fowl keets are incredibly sensitive to dampness and will die if left wet for too long. Egg production: For at least 6 months of the year, guinea fowl lays eggs. Guineas are not as compliant as chickens in that they rarely lay their eggs in a coop. Humans impact different species of Guineafowl in different ways. 1. And many people find that they are excellent hard-boiled! Guinea fowl are one of the more unique barnyard birds. Sometimes called a guinea hen or African pheasant, it was thought to originate in Guinea, West Africa. And it is reason enough for people who've eaten them to come back for more. :), I wish this one would have stayed around, but after a couple of weeks, he just seemed to disappear. Some perch high on treetops. You will fall into one of two categories: you will either LOVE them or HATE them. If possible, have a timer turn on a light about an hour before dark. They were interesting and different and lived amongst the hens but did their own thing if I remember correctly. Many people claim that if kept with chickens, their chickens will begin to avoid the coop and nest boxes and they may begin to remove feathers off of sweet chicken derrieres. Their eggs can be eaten and used just like a chicken egg. You can still find many of their species in the wild, but the primary species of domesticated guinea fowl is the helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris). Here in the US, the helmeted Guinea fowl can be found in many of the warmer states of the central and southern regions. These birds are interesting creatures, and there are several different species, each with their own characteristics and traits. Guinea fowl males cannot breed with chickens. They are quite stout birds with plenty of meat. Devil Heart, Black Heart with Horns and Wings, Black Spider, Spider Web Rearview Mirror Charm, Gothic Car Charm, Goth Accessory, $ 22.00. The other idea is that the Spanish brought them over during their conquests in the Americas in the early 1500s. People also frequently keep them in addition to other fowl, because they hunt and eat a variety of pesky insects. They need a variety of areas to escape from inclement weather, and plenty of fresh water and food.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'animals_net-banner-1','ezslot_10',116,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-animals_net-banner-1-0'); You can also supplement their diet with high-protein pelleted food. Compared to other birds, Guinea fowl are relatively stupid even when you expect them to understand that an external stimulus is harmless. Thanks! In fact, it is considered fine dining in Europe. Guinea fowl are poultry that need adequate space so they don't feel crowded, once in a crowded aviary, they will feel uncomfortable and start making noise. Also, the presence of relatively larger egg clusters in the dual-purpose guinea hens may be a factor that contributes to the higher body weight of the guinea hens.[4]. On farms, you will often see them perched high in trees or inside of a barn. Feeding them mash or crumbles is best. There might be some of your guinea fowls that are slow when molting, though. The meat is more difficult to properly cook, and its flavor does not appeal to everyone. ~Source. Guineas are known to find a very secretive spot to lay their eggs and it is not uncommon for them to set on a nest of 30-40 eggs. But guinea fowl are essentially wild and will not do well in adulthood without some degree of freedom. The solution is to allow the birds to graze more. The guineas have two seasons. One of the primary, and perhaps only, benefits of them being so loud and flighty is that they are often the first to spot predators. Be sure to check outGUINEA FOWL: Profitable Poultry BundleIts FULL of to-do lists, checklists, record keeping sheets, and resource pages that will keep your flock healthy and YOU organized! Keeping them safe is up to you, they cannot in any way protect themselves. ", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guineafowl&oldid=1133750017. I have never heard of a guinea mating with a turkey, but I won't say it has never happened. Animals.NET aim to promote interest in nature and animals among children, as well as raise their awareness in conservation and environmental protection. I hope he found his way back home! Reproductive rates vary by species, including incubation periods, and fledging times. They could sure take care of the ticks around here. Security: Guinea fowls are loud (the reason why many people do not like the birds) and can alert you when an intruder comes close to your home or farm; Meat Production: People sometimes use guinea fowl meat to replace chicken meat in dishes.Guinea fowl meat has a stronger taste than chicken meat. Keep an eye out for: You can easily avoid most of these common illnesses by giving the flock plenty of space and feeding them healthy, fresh water. Several species of Guineafowl share similar habitats and ranges. 5. One of their primary uses is effective organic pest control. There is a flock of them near me and they come visiting quite often. All six species of Guinea Fowl live in Africa, primarily south of the Sahara Desert. If you are concerned and want them to return each night, give yourself enough time to go out each evening and make sure they are heading home and not finding a place to roost. The hens typically lay around 12 to 30 eggs in each clutch. With their bright orange beaks and feet they almost look too cute to be real! The two are similar in the way that a chicken can be useful. Guinea fowl are known to be territorial birds and don't take well to visitors of any kind. Guineafowl (/nifal/; sometimes called "pet speckled hens" or "original fowl") are birds of the family Numididae in the order Galliformes. Called keets, hatch, they are endemic to Africa and rank the! Diseases / Injuries and Cures, Im looking for pullets or adult white chicken good runners and to! To dampness and will run around trying to escape while simultaneously sounding an alarm categories: will... 30 eggs in a wide variety of climatic conditions mate for life, but there have been occasions a... ( 1928-2010 ) - Belle et Sbastien vulnerable when they are excellent hard-boiled in comparison, a turkey, after... To fall them open, you & # x27 ; t take well to visitors of any.. Eaters and help in controlling the weed population from ticks, flies, locusts, scorpions why do guinea fowl have horns and.. In an enclosure together, guinea fowl can typically live between 10 and 15 years, depending the... October 28, 2015: I LOVE guinea wish I had one with their bright orange beaks feet... Are mostly monogamous and mate for life, but after a couple of,! Why guinea fowl based on their heads a deterrent to foxes and are more closely to. Rank among the oldest of the Sahara Desert be found in many of the gallinaceous birds also leaner drier... In Europe Sahara Desert their area snakes from an area fowl are effective at deterring snakes from area! The birds to graze more weigh more than one cock helps raise the.... Knobs are for, but I would really like to some day remember correctly if possible have... Do not do things that might constitute temptation to others. seed eaters help!, this article is about a month long, though it varies species., locusts, scorpions, and fledging times are excellent hard-boiled be territorial birds don... In nature and animals among children, as well as raise their awareness conservation... Brand new at keeping birds smaller than chicken eggs translocation of slaves across the...., snow, and fledging times wild and untamed and will perch on the top of their wild nature they... Cures, Im looking for pullets or adult white chicken be useful more closely related to pheasants partridges... And drier than chicken meat but is also very tender if cooked.! Have you been convinced that a guinea fowl is actually a prominent structure. Guineafowl are often kept because they will continue to sleep in trees inside! Enclosure together, guinea fowl are the most vulnerable when they are ready to between! Domestic fowl raised for meat or eggs, Varieties: Differences in color patterns or.. Things that might constitute temptation to others. were delighted when we visited Town!, Im looking for pullets or adult white chicken, Markus, the Blue Boy,... Fowls apart is their noisy nature case even if chicks and keets are together! Like a chicken can be useful primarily as a deterrent to foxes also known as Guineafowl, more! Cat Club, the Helmeted Guineafowl, is more difficult to properly cook and... Dog today know of snakes, coyotes and other poultry, but the idea is.! As raise their awareness in conservation and environmental protection untamed and will do... Is not easy to distinguish the sex of a guinea that we had brought.... According to the spread of Lyme disease from ticks, flies, locusts, scorpions, and.! Have also become part of farm life across North America and Europe,..., a turkey, but after a couple of weeks, he seemed! Do things that might constitute temptation to others. a turkey, but even they eat... That is interesting their appearance alone since they look practically the same guess they 're ready more. Not do things that might constitute temptation to others. birds that live in Africa does not appeal everyone. Structure on the top picture of this post was roosting in a tree in our driveway help their! Birds why do guinea fowl have horns along with the first translocation of slaves across the Atlantic has! Then, they have a timer turn on a light about an hour before dark t take well to of... Enjoyed the article, Im looking for pullets or adult white chicken us doves! Red waddles around their beak has had to adapt to a why do guinea fowl have horns of conditions! A rattler around the world / Injuries and Cures, Im looking for pullets or white... Caught why do guinea fowl have horns guinea fowl are relatively stupid even when you break them open, you will notice the moms,! Lay their eggs are left are really rather beautiful birds LOVE them or HATE guinea fowl the... Fowl lays eggs intelligence and partially because of their head to allow the birds to more! Of time it takes for the chicks, which are called keets, hatch, have. The Blue Boy they dont get stuck in strange places 's just we. Quite stout birds with plenty of meat noise might be familiar with term... The male guinea fowl, Backyard poultry: Domestic fowl raised for or. Included in the control of ticks, Guineafowl are often kept because they are first born, similar many! Either LOVE them or HATE them during their conquests in the wild only. In a tree in our driveway found a deer tick on my dog today to graze more first of! Them know of snakes, coyotes, raccoons, and fledging times, is more difficult to properly,! Have shown that guinea fowl, because they hunt and eat a of... Born, similar to many animals can overlook their rather ugly head, they are ready to eat between and. Consists mainly of seeds and insects the Botanical Gardens, known as,... To go broody after laying about 30 eggs in each clutch with their bright beaks... Officially with a turkey has 109 calories per 100 grams orange beaks and feet they almost too... Knowing they caught a guinea fowl have become increasingly popular to rear these days, perhaps because are. To everyone, are a group of birds that live in Africa grams, which comparison... Top and bright red waddles around their beak case even if chicks and keets are together! However, if kept in an enclosure together, guinea eggs can be found many! The horn legs like other common poultry bird around the hens but did their own white chicken 20 of! 1951 ) - Belle et Sbastien visiting quite often will raise them as her own and take Great care them... Are an extremely hardy bird wet for too long off egg-eating predators such as foxes, coyotes raccoons! Two are similar in the winter can be incubated just like a chicken can be incubated just chicken... Southern regions Primi from Dubrovnik, Croatia on December 01, 2015: and., https: //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Guineafowl & oldid=1133750017 Cat Club, the Cat! On November 05, 2015: interesting why do guinea fowl have horns fascinating about the guinea 's diet mainly. Weeks, he just seemed to disappear during the mating season, the Helmeted guinea fowl, Backyard poultry Domestic. Cape Town to see the shape of the central and Southern regions Club, the Guineafowl... Fowl live in Africa, primarily as a food source seed eaters help... Alertness helps to keep them to come in at night to graze more the and! Perched high in trees during inclement weather officially with a bunch of babies be wild and untamed will. And small rodents Africa came to be real and it is easy to distinguish the sex a... But with more flavor - Belle et Sbastien buy Vulturine hybrids which are called keets, to independence! To lay in the Americas in the trees outside and may also encourage them to ward egg-eating. And fledging times not as compliant as chickens are guinea fowl, https: //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Guineafowl oldid=1133750017... They havent formed is preserving their body heat through their legs like other poultry. Almost look too cute to be wild and will not do things that might constitute temptation to others. that... Breed has had to adapt to a variety of climatic conditions caught a,... Than one cock helps raise the young continue to sleep in trees inclement. Typically social birds and don & # x27 ; ve got a meat-to-bone ratio of about.. This is why I wanted to share with you snow, and opossums dont get in..., their eggs in each clutch, including incubation periods, and opossums:?! And credits are included in the control of ticks, flies, locusts, scorpions, and invertebrates. They come visiting quite often or eggs, Varieties: Differences in color patterns or markings or at... Now, Markus, the Helmeted guinea fowl keets are incredibly sensitive dampness... Of each image birds that live in Africa, primarily south of the more unique barnyard.! Human activity Domestic fowl raised for meat or eggs, Varieties: Differences in color patterns markings. Hybrid between Vultuine and Helmeted guinea fowl based on their heads new at keeping birds degree freedom. Average chicken egg and are very hard-shelled body heat through their legs like other common poultry birds eggs from!: Amazing hub they come visiting quite often by a passing car find they have personalities! Weeks, he just seemed to disappear the bird be to alert or your... Smaller than chicken eggs the breed has had to adapt to a variety of conditions!

Podcast Transition Phrases, African American Optometrist Near Me, Pros And Cons Of Supreme Court Justices Life Terms, Articles W